Journal of Educational Research and Social Sciences Review (JERSSR)

Influence of Transactional Leadership Style on Teachers Motivation at Secondary Level

Muhammad Bilal, Dr. Muhammad Idris, Dr. Maksal Minaz — Sat, 03 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The quantitative paper examined the influence of transactional leadership style on teacher motivation at high-secondary schools in the Charsadda district of Pakistan. The study was based on a post positivist, quantitative, correlational design research survey using a random sample of 102 out of 705 male teachers. Validated questionnaires were used to gather data on transactional leadership variables (contingent reward and management by exception) and teacher motivation. (intrinsic and extrinsic). The research tool was validated and the reliability was 0.70 cronbach,s Alpha which was acceptable in the field of social science. Findings showed that transactional leadership behaviors were significantly positively related to extrinsic motivation, and a more subtle impact on intrinsic motivation. The results of the study indicated the importance of reward systems, in general, on teacher motivation, but warn that transactional leadership practices should not be overly dependent on in order to get more profound professional involvement. It was recommended that educational leadership programs should be designed to offer training on both transactional and transformational leadership in order to meet the extrinsic and intrinsic motivation needs.

Reminiscent of our Learning from a Pandemic

Sadaf Raja, Salwa Sabir — Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper explores how AI and tech driven strategies can shape and evolve without compromising the values of human patterns especially amplified during times of crisis like the pandemic, architecture must now also ease the burden and enhance well-being.

Neo-terrains does not starts from scratch, you do not have to completely tear down cities to create smart efficient post pandemic architecture. It is more about gradual incremental shifts towards the betterment with the key focus of building resilience in neighborhood, (to withstand profound disruptions of a pandemic). By offering solutions that prioritizes eco-friendly upgrades & humanized architecture, communities can thrive without the need of aliened overhauls that highlights fake idealism.

It critiques how the conventional housing models revealed themselves to be filled with deep social and emotional struggles. By rethinking and creating AI-informed environments that adapt in pandemic times.

Analyzing the Language Construction of Victim Blaming in Pakistani Public Discourse: A Corpus-Based Study of Online Reactions and Ideological Patterns

Muhammad Sheraz Anwar, Qudsia Saleem — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study analyzes victim blaming narratives in Pakistan surrounding harassment cases. It identifies underlying ideologies and recurrent linguistic categories that are utilized to justify victim blaming. A mixed research design was adopted for the systematic evaluation of public opinions on social media platforms. The AntConc software is used to carry out a corpus-based study, which facilitated the quantitative analysis by measuring word frequencies and collocations, whereas the underlying ideologies and societal beliefs are examined through Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) Framework. A purposive sampling technique is utilized to examine harassment cases in the current year 2025. The sampling consists of 1000 comments sourced from 4 different cases, out of which three of the cases took place in recent months. Since Urdu and English hold the status of standard languages and are widely practiced in Pakistan, bilingual comments are examined so that the findings closely align with the communal ideologies of the population being studied. The findings reveal how language is used as a discursive tool to justify violence, condemning victims and reinforcing preconceived patriarchal, cultural and religious narratives. This calls for swift measures to dismantle these negative ideologies on digital platforms.

Influence of Competitive Anxiety and Psychological Resilience on Athletes Sports Performance [A survey Club Level Athletes District Dera Ismail Khan]

Abdul Basit, Nasira Parveen, Muhammad Ijaz, Najeeb Ullah — Sat, 07 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research study focused on examined the influence of competitive anxiety and psychological resilience on athletic performance among club-level athletes, with particular emphasis on the moderating role of resilience in the anxiety performance relationship. A quantitative, cross-sectional correlational design was employed, involving 291 club-level athletes selected through probability random sampling from a population of 615 registered athletes in District Dera Ismail Khan. Data were collected using standardized and validated scales measuring competitive anxiety (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence), psychological resilience, and athletic performance. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and moderation analysis using interaction terms. The findings show that competitive anxiety was significantly and negatively associated with athletic performance, while psychological resilience demonstrated a strong positive relationship with performance. Regression results confirmed that competitive anxiety negatively predicted performance, whereas psychological resilience emerged as a stronger positive predictor. Importantly, moderation analysis indicated a significant interaction effect, showing that psychological resilience weakened the negative impact of competitive anxiety on athletic performance. Athletes with higher resilience maintained better performance levels despite experiencing competitive anxiety. Additionally, significant differences were observed across age groups, ethnicity, and locality in anxiety, resilience, and performance levels. On the basis of data analysis, the results highlight psychological resilience as a critical protective factor that enhances performance and buffers the detrimental effects of competitive anxiety. This study contributes to sport psychology literature by demonstrating the interactive role of anxiety and resilience in shaping athletic performance. The findings underscore the importance of integrating resilience-building and psychological skills training into athlete development programs to promote consistent and sustainable performance under competitive pressure.

A Corpus-Based Comparative Genre Analysis of Human-Written and AI-Generated Research Abstracts: Examining Rhetorical Move Structures

Sadia Hassan, Dr. Muhammad Siddique — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Research abstracts are disciplinary and communicative genres that are structured in the form of academic texts. As the academic writing based on the application of Artificial Intelligence tools becomes more common, the questions about the degree to which the AI-generated abstracts can be described by the traditional rhetorical approaches emerge. The purpose of the study is to compare the rhetorical move structure of human-written and AI-generated research abstracts based on the corpus-based comparative genre analysis. The research was based on Swales Move Analysis framework and formed two balanced corpora (40 abstracts by a human and 40 by an AI) under controlled conditions wherein both produced abstracts were generated with the help of the same titles. It used a mixed-method approach that involved qualitative identification of moves with quantitative distribution of frequency and sequencing. Data were gathered using purposive sampling of indexed journals in the same field and during the same period, as well as by using standardized prompts to generate abstracts on AI to be consistent. The results show that both corpora are organized according to the five-move structure, but AI-generated abstracts are less specific in their methods and techniques, have less detailed results descriptions, and are more predictable in linear sequence formation. Although AI systems are effective at reproducing structural conventions, human abstracts are more rhetorically flexible as well as empirically rich, which means that they are more competent in the genre. The paper has significant implications about the academic writing pedagogical method and the use of AI in academic writing.

Acoustic Analysis of Pronunciation errors of High School Students of Sheikhupura

Barira Ibraheem, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem Anwar — Fri, 20 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A journey towards learning English as a Foreign Language is a hard task for every student at the age of Secondary School, especially the Public Sector. There are many effective filters involved as a hurdle in their learning process. It is deeply observed that reading and writing are given emphasis but communication skills are always kept behind. It is a common phenomenon that learners of L2 English make errors on the way of learning a new set of characters. Proper methods of teaching and learning material can overcome these errors but the errors in pronunciation of students seem a hurdle which hardly known by the students and even the teachers themselves. For this purpose, an extensive phonemic study of English Language is conducted to investigate the pronunciation errors which are occurred by the strong influence of Punjabi Language. The focus of this study is on pronunciation errors of matriculation level students from the five public schools in Sheikhupura. The data is collected in the form of audio recordings which are later analyzed through acoustic analysis with the assistance of PRAAT software showing those phonemes which enter from Punjabi. The results showed significantly prominent errors in the speech sounds of Punjabi speaking students in observation and in the recordings. This study will help future learners to know these errors and avoid them for better competency.

Management Management of Postpartum Depression, Gender Disappointment, and Subjective Well-being among mothers through Interpersonal Therapy

Roza Jamal, Dr. Mamoona Ismail Loona — Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: Gender Disappointment is one of the leading issues that contributes to psychological problems, including high Postpartum Depression and low subjective well-being among women. To resolve Gender disappointment and postpartum depression and to improve well-being, an intervention, “Group Interpersonal Therapy,” was implemented.

Method: This qualitative study was conducted to treat Postpartum Depression and Gender Disappointment among mothers through Group Interpersonal Therapy. 30 mothers were chosen through criterion-based purposive sampling (aged 20-40) from a public hospital in Kohat.

Results: Group interpersonal therapy decreases the disappointment among mothers for their Child’s gender and decreases their Postpartum Depression and increases their well-being. Group Sessions were conducted, comprising 8 sessions. After conducting group sessions, themes were extracted through thematic analysis, and theme 1 was understanding of gender disappointment and postpartum depression. Subthemes were 1) Awareness, 2) Identifying the problem area, 3) Coping skills development, 4) group understanding and listening to each other, and 5) Relapse prevention and positive outlook. Theme 2 was Mental health and support, and it consists of three subthemes: 1) Stressors, 2) Psychoeducation, and 3) Support. Theme 3 was Healing, and the subthemes of Theme 3 were Coping and Interpersonal Functionality, and the second subtheme was Recovery and subjective well-being.

Conclusion: Implementation of the interpersonal therapy is one of finest solutions for those mothers who are suffering from postpartum depression, with the primary cause being disappointment towards their child's gender and improves their well-being.

Exploring the Role of PhD Scholars’ Pre-entry Attributes in PhD Study: PhD Scholars’ Perspective

Dr. Muhammad Zahid, Dr. Qaisar Khalid Mahmood, Dr. Muhammad Bilal — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

PhD scholars' pre-entry attributes can play an important role in the quality of the doctoral experience, persistence, and timely PhD completion. This article explores how Pakistani PhD scholars perceive the role of pre-entry attributes, personal and familial, and previous academic experiences in influencing their PhD completion. 16 PhD candidates from four Pakistani universities across different academic fields were recruited through personal networks and interviewed using semi-structure schedule. Participants’ experiences were captured using a constructivist approach and evaluated thematically using Braun and Clarke's (2006) six-step framework. The findings show three main themes. The first theme is the motivation to pursue a PhD as motivation is not only significant for enrollment but also for continuing during a PhD. The second theme is the intersection of gender, marital status, and familial obligations, as gendered roles have different effects: male breadwinners are strained, while females need in-laws' support during a PhD, and family obligations increase the propensity for delayed graduation. The third theme is the influence of prior learning experiences and anticipatory socialization, as good learning facilitates the progression of PhD studies, research skills, and research quality. The findings contribute to doctoral research in Pakistan and demonstrate the need to tailor institutional rules and practices enabling PhD candidates with these attributes to graduate on time.